The Journal of theHUNGERFORDandASSOCIATED FAMILIESSociety

Volume 2 Number 3 November 1994

Contents

Editorial Peter 1). SherlockFootsteps: Ronald ll. l’rvnli(‘e

The Hungerfords

of Down AmpneyThomas Hungerford

of Rathbarry Peter D, SherlockInchedony Marcia ll. ClarkeWhen One & One

Makes One Ronald ll. l’1‘ent:icc

2 isrwluding 'Garnet Hungerford Beverley Reilly

The; cover illustration is repr<)dum(l from an originalcont-ain/ed in the Jackson l"a_pe"rs

22

3!

33

I SSN 1036-2223

JOURNAL

OF

U/1;: .l(//////{y(%/"K/ 42‘ efifddaaafed  Volume 2 Number 3 May 1994 '

  

        



    

 



an ’

I!lxi215fJ!£!.’.’.{!!u<
IHSN l03o-22.23

The Hungerford and Associated Families Society

l’atron: l)r l'.(l. llungcrford Olfilf

The Committee for 1993/94:

Canon M.C. Newth Olili Mrs J.M.W. l"it/,—l lcnrv(President) Mr ILC. llungerford

Mr J.l.. de Boos Mrs A. l,ind

Mrs I5.}*'. Crowley Miss J. 'lyrrcl| (iraeme

Mr l’.l). Sherlock(lidilor)

la South Terrace

Clifton Hill, VIC 3068

Mr R.l l. Prentice(Secretary)

6 liurran Avenue,

Mosman, NSW 2088

Society Publicatirms

The Journal aims to provide detailed historical information about thellungerford and Associated llarnilies and the times and placesconnected with them, Iiigh priority is given to enabling dissemina-tion of documents and family writings among researchers.

Articles submitted for the Journal should be typed (double—spacing).If possible an IBM-compatible disk (either size or format) with thearticle on it would be appreciated. Footnotes are acceptable and acomprehensive bibliography of sources used in research for eacharticle is appreciated as it helps the Society to build a list of referencesto the family. Photographs may be used in submissions, preferablyblack and white, or well—lit colour prints.

The Newsletter provides a source of more general family notes andnews. It includes a births, marriages and deaths column, and spacefor members‘ queries and research questions if desired. Material forthe Newsletter should be typed but neat handwriting is acceptable.

31st July 1994.30th September, 1994.

Copy date for the August Newsletter:Copy date for the November Journal:

The Society cannot accept responsibility for factual errors or opinionsexpressed by authors.

Bcfitoriat

One of the great puzzles for many members of our Society has beenthe relationship between Captain Thomas Hungerford of Ireland andthe Hungerfords of Farleigh Castle. Time and time again it has beenstated that we are descended from the Down Ampney branch of thefamily.

Meanwhile, many of our USA members will know that they have asimilar problem with their Thomas Hungerford of Connecticut. Theonly suggestion put forward for his birth has been the identification ofhim with Thomas I-lungerford of Blacklands, born 1602, an identifica-tion that appears to be impossible as this Thomas married and hadchildren in England in the 1640s, while the Connecticut Thomas wasalready in the New World by this time. Nevertheless, given thepaucity of other branches of the family it seems quite likely that theUSA family descends from the Hungerfords of Down Ampney.

Thus most of us will be interested in the first article of this ourseventh issue of the Journal. Our secretary, Ron Prentice, tells of hisrecent journey to Down Ampney and other places of interest in Wilt-shire. When people say that you can enter any church in Wiltshireand find the Hungerford sickles and wheatsheaf displayed, I wouldnot be too quick to contradict them. Reproduced within this articleare several pieces of writing by various people on Down Ampney, itsHouse and church, and the Hungerford family's connection withthese places.

Also in this issue is a piece by Marcia Clarke of Melbourne, that givesus a sense of the island in County Cork where Captain ThomasHungerford settled, an island from which many of our ancestorsmigrated around the world. Connecting these two articles is anotherfrom my own pen, attempting to establish a definite connectionbetween Down Ampney and the Island. I hope you find the resultingtheory as worthy of study as I did.

Finally, to bring us back to the twentieth century there is a set of threecontributions telling of Garnet Hungerford, grandson of SeptimusHungerford, who accomplished a feat over 70 years ago that fewwould be capable of even today.

When you have finished reading this Journal, you may care to putpen to paper yourself, and write on some aspect of the Hungerfordhistory, particularly on one or other of our Associated families for asyou will see this issue is more Hungerford than Associated! There areso many stories to tell, and they all need to be told if we are to fulfilour aims as a Society.

 .

HA1-'S]ournal Vol.2 No.3 page 1
Footsteps:N The Hungerfords of Down Ampney1‘J R”-/<,~;=:=‘=*"'* J «'“'ll l by Ronald H. PrenticeGLoU< - T v"

Perhaps those who have previously visited the places where theHungerfords walked would like their memories refreshed, and thosewho have not yet been along those paths would like to take a journeywith us as we recall some of our experiences from a recent visit toEngland, and reproduce some of the papers we were given there.

Having tried to visit as many places as possible in Wiltshire andslightly beyond in the time available, we were fortunate that we hadan experienced guide. We were to meet, along our way, somewonderful folk who made us welcome as they shared their knowledgeliberally with us.

     

 



./o/n|‘)u71ouL=N

ate‘£12512/<5»//72:

Of course Farleigh Hungerford and the renowned castle stands fore—most in Hungerford minds; Hungerfords have been visiting the castleever since it left the family's hands centuries ago. However, let usbegin this tour with a journey through the countryside as far as DownAmpney. Hopefully the telling of the tale reveals the reason for thisbeing the first of several visits made to various places during our stay.

058?‘:,='=I'«-9‘ ‘baa-gr-reg} .. 3,... ,

  

 



Wiltshire can be considered the ancestral ground of the family, yet thechief centres from which we remember them are just beyond thecounty boundaries. Farleigh Castle is across the border in Somerset,.u£yr:sJ-nzv . Hungerford town is located in Berkshire, again beyond the border,and Down Ampney is in Gloucestershire, or one might say, almostupon the division since only the kitchen of Down Ampney House( stands within Wiltshire.

,5AL’$15UXY‘Ptm/~15

JGWERSET.¥a-12% "v‘:-B‘-.

Owlpen

C.>:-?\VIc7:—<,\?./I

On the day of our drive to Down Ampney, we made our way northfrom Bristol through the Gloucestershire border country as far asDursley, before turning East and passing through the small village ofUley in the lovely Cotswold Hills. Our first point ofvcall was OwlpenManor, the former home of the Daunt family. Ann Daunt of Irelandwas mother to Emanuel Hungerford who came to Australia in 1828.

}\—\

\1-4’, //

C

KV «JH/lI"l7’J/1V/K-

The house is approached by a secluded valley, along a narrow, steepand winding gravel road. This fine old home now serves guests on apaying basis through its present owners. We were unfortunate in notbeing able to see the interior beyond the entrance hall but inspectionof the exterior, the gardens and church were rewarding. The climb" out of the small valley was similarly a tight drive but the scene wassuperbly peaceful. We were fortunate enough to have the followingdescription with us.

 



HA}-"S Iourrwl Vol.2 No.3 page 2  HMS journal VDLZ N03 Page 3
Owlpen Manorfrom H J. Massingham, Cotswold C.‘ountr_z/:

From Hetty Pegler's Tump, I turned East and followeddirections I had been given: "You must go along the green anddown the hill by Fiery Lane until you come to Cuckoo Brook,then a little further on you will pass Ilorn Knep, after whichyou will go by Dragon's Den; next you go through PotlidGreen, after that is Marling's End and that will bring you toOwlpen, but you must take care not to miss the road."

Taking care not to miss the road to Owlpen, the head of thewater, or to the end of the world, a very secret place, where asmall house and a small church are screened by an abrupt,wooded, conical hill at their backs and a massed guard oftrained yew trees in front. In summer, flame coloured clarkiasare, or used to be, ranged under the grey walls of the front. Butin winter, the many gabled little Manor is of so transparent agrey between the dusky shapes before and behind it, that it isowlish indeed in its seclusion, in its mysterious greyness withthe hill impending at its back and the soft winter—meadows infront, and in the composure of a beauty that steals in so quiet away upon the senses. This rare Cotswold treasure was built in1516, very plainly and so sparing of ornament that the slightdecoration at the apices of the gables are all that the eye picksout. It depends, like all true Cotswold houses upon line andproportion and the treatment of space, so that the individualtriumphs, like the rounded steps leading up to the gateway inthe wall, are all gathered up into the graciousness of the whole.Owlpen, being of early Tudor style avoids any sense ofpompousness, half the loveliness of Owlpen is in itscraftsmanship and the other half in its grey stone, the veryspirit of the local countryside, and in the weathering andhoariness of its stone tiles. Since the first half was itself a localproduct, the two halves together make the perfect whole.

’(>it~>l-it-4

Cricklade

Our road east took us through Tetbury to Cricklade, the town nearestto Down Ampney and one in which the fomier Hungerford presenceis apparent. Located on the banks of the river Isis or upper Thames,its story stretches back beyond the time of recorded history and onecould be forgiven for seeing it as one of the most ancient towns inEngland.

HAFS ]ournuI Vol.2 No.3 page 4

Owlpen Manorformer home of the Daunt family

HAPS Iournal Vol.2 No.3 page 5
Once known as Creenlade, it stood on the Roman road from Cirenc—ester and may have been a Roman station. Many old coins and bricks

of that period have been found there. It is said to have been the townwhere Saint Augustine met the Welsh Bishops by the oak tree when

they debated about the time at which the feast of Easter should becelebrated. However, Down Ampney also lays claim to this meetingand not without substantive evidence.

The ford which Crosses the infant Thames is a point of historicalimportance as its defence or its loss directed the fate of the townwhich was regularly ransacked in times past. We had reason toponder on the importance of the "—ford" in the name Hungerford.

As so often happens, the glory of the town is in its church, SaintSampson's, which does not refer to the Old Testament character ofthis name but to Saint Sampson of Do] in Brittany who was born in465 and, who legend claims, was a leader in early Crickladeeducation.

The Lady or Hungerford chapel beside the south transept of thechurch dates from the late 15th century and was built by Sir EdmundHungerford to honour his wife Margaret Burnell, these two being thefounders of the Down Ampney branch of the family. Her initials arecarved as a monogram in the chapel whilst his initial 'H' is in a nicheon the south wall. The Hungerford arms are carved in stone high onthe chancel wall. The chapel is supported by a buttress and flyingarch so that both inside and out the lovely proportions and decora-tions form a fitting part of a fine ancient church building.

As we entered, the Rector was showing a group of school children thefeatures of the church as well as explaining some of its history. Wewere able to sit a little apart, to listen to his dialogue and enjoy theinterior, so vividly lit on the fine day by the ample sunlight enteringthe tower and chancel.

Down Ampney

Our next call was to fill an appointment at the home of Major theReverend Robert Nesham at Poulton, who was rector of the churchesat Poulton and Down Ampney for years before his retirement. Heand his wife were our very genial and kindly hosts for a cup of teabefore we were taken to Down Ampney House and there received bythe present owner Dr Bruce Jones, a renowned English veterinaryscientist and keen Hungerford historian. He made us welcome andconducted us on a tour of inspection of the Great Hall of the Housewherein hangs a fine tapestry on each side of the end wall, onedepicting the arms of the various Hungerfords of Down Ampney, allarranged as a family tree, and the other tapestry depicting the Eliotfamily, who owned the estate from 1722 to 1929.

HAFS Iourmzl Vol.2 No.3 page 6

Dr Jones gave us a very interesting address on the property's history,then kindly presented us with a copy of a written historic recordwhich he had prepared, portions of which are reproduced below withhis permission for the benefit of our Members. Acknowledgement isgenerously given by Dr Jones to the former owner of the Manor, R.A.Henderson Esq, MBE, MC, MA, whose notes were instrumental inpreparing the report.

I should point out that Down Ampney is the home of the branch ofthe families established in both Australia and the United States ofAmerica. In the Australian family we are aware that Thomas ofIreland was from the Down Ampney family but we are not sure exact-ly how (see the article in this issue), whilst in the USA branch, it ismore likely than not that Thomas Hungerford of Connecticut likewisecame from this most extensive branch of the family. Down Ampney,therefore is of great importance to one if not both of these families astheir ancestral home.

 



Down Ampney House

HAPS Iournal Vol.2 No.3 page 7

1
HAPS ]ournal Vol.2 No.3 page 8

Down Ampney Houseby Dr Bruce V. Jones

Down Ampney House sits on the flat water meadows of whatJohn Aubrey described in 1670 as the "Cotswold Campania".This location, beside the church, helps to emphasise the mass ofthe house, which in its present form, dates mostly from 1450when seen from the front aspect. The predominant feature ofthe structure is the medieval Hall which was built by theHungerford Family; this hall is essentially intact and retainsmost of its fifteenth century features. Because the Hungerfordfamily lived at Down Ampney for some 345 years, anydiscussion of the house resolves into three time spans, theHungerford era and the periods before and after.

A manor house in varying form has existed in Down Ampneyfor at least 925 years, because the Domesday Book entry records'Ednoth held Down Ampney before 1066‘, and it is here that wehave the first known mention of the name. ...After theconquest, the property, like most of the lands of the Englishnobility, was granted to the followers of the newly crowned

King William...

...It can be surmised that Ednoth's Down Ampney house mighthave been somewhat more imposing than other local property.As William was frequently in Gloucester, and indeed conceivedthe idea of the Domesday Book there, it is probable that thehouses in the area reflected the importance of their Royal

Household owners.

Following Ednoth's death, William gave Down Ampney to Odo,Bishop of Bayeux and William's half-brother. This warriorprelate was much in evidence during the invasion and in theimmediate post—Conquest years but, by the time the Domesdaybook was written, he was in prison in Rouen as a result of his

acts of treason 

...There is no evidence that William ever visited Down Ampneybut due to its proximity to Gloucester, he may well have done.Likewise there is no evidence as to the house that existed atthat time, but it is likely that a manor house such as DownAmpney would have the characteristic ground—to-roof Saxonhall and be fortified by a wall or moat to enclose the domesticoffices and outhouses. Presumably such a building existed atDown Ampney, being gradually shaped, enlarged and alteredby a succession of owners.

Over the years 1082 to 1374 the manor was twice more in thegift of the Monarch, in the thirteenth century when King John

 



gave it to Warine Fitzgerald and in 1265 when King Henry IIIgave it to his younger son Edward Crouchback, Earl ofLancaster. He in turn gave it to Sir Nicholas de Valers(?Villiers) and it eventually passed by purchase to Sir ThomasHungerford in 1374.

The importance of Down Ampney House in this period canprobably be assessed by our knowledge of the several owners,most of whom held positions in the royal household. Geoffreyde Clavcumbe was Steward of the Royal Household to KingHenry III and was granted leave in 1250 to cut wood in theRoyal Forest to rebuild the house (construction was active atthis time with a new church, the present one, being consecratedC1265). Sir Nicholas de Valers (c1275) fought in the Crusadesand returned to Down Ampney where he died about 1313 beingburied in the Church, which has his monument in the southtransept. During this time King Edward I stayed at DownAmpney House and wrote twice from there to his Chancellor,Robert Bumell, at the French Court, before moving with hisCourt to Glastonbury for Easter 1278. Later still Sir William deCusance, Keeper of the Great Wardrobe to King Edward II wasthe owner (c1317).

One can assume that by now the Manor had become quite anestablished habitation. It would have had a hall, bowers,outhouses for serfs, brewhouse, mill and church; in fact, all thefacilities to run the estate. However, it is also important toremember two important events that would have a bearing onthe evolution of Down Ampney. First, in 1349 the Black Deathstruck. As a result the village houses appear to have beendemolished and new habitations established to the north andeast of the stone—built church. As the manor house does notappear to have been moved, it either might have had somestone construction or the location and facilities were felt to betoo valuable to lose; in any event the house and church becameseparated from the village. Secondly, as the economy recoveredfrom the effects of the plague, sheep farming came into its own.English wool helped to save the country: the Down Ampneymanor could now be viewed as a financial asset.

The Hungerford Years

In the late fourteenth century Sir Thomas Hungerford and hisson Walter (the first Lord Hungerford) raised their family to aposition of immense wealth and influence by a combination ofservice to the Crown and highly profitable marriages withwealthy heiresses of noble families.

HA1-"S Iaurnal Vol.2 No.3 page 9
1

Sir Thomas bought many estates besides Down Ampney, buthis son Walter (the most famous Hungerford) founded thefamily fortune. He was also responsible for a massive buildingprogramme - Farleigh Castle (now Farleigh Hungerford),Hungerford House in London (on the site of Charing CrossStation) and Down Ampney House.

Walter has to be mentioned as he appears to have been largerthan life. In 1401 he is said to have defeated the King of Francein a joust, in 1414 he was Speaker of the Commons andAmbassador to the Emperor Sigismund, whom he alsoentertained in England. He commanded the fleet at Harfleur in1417, was a witness to King Henry V's will, a member of theRegency Council and became Lord Treasurer under King HenryVI. At Agincourt with his feudal levy of 20 men and 40 horsearchers he captured 8 French noblemen’, whose ransoms helpedfinance his building programme. With two successful marriagesboosting his properties, it was said that by the fifteenth centuryhe could ride from Bath to Charing Cross on his own land.

 



The Gatehouse to Down Ampney House

Said to include the Duke of Orleans.

When Walter died in 1449 his younger son, Sir Edmund,inherited Down Ampney and many other estates mostly inWiltshire, Gloucester, Berkshire, Oxford and Somerset. In spiteof siding with the House of Lancaster in the War of the Roseshe did not suffer too badly from Yorkist reprisals (unlike hiselder brother). In fact the Down Ampney branch prosperedfrom its great sheep farms in the golden years of the wool trade.

While records are imprecise it seems that while Sir Walterinvested in Down Ampney it was his son who was the majorbuilder of Down Ampney House with the Great Hall beingcompleted in the early fifteenth century. The next builder washis great-grandson, Sir Anthony I, in the sixteenth century: helived at Down Ampney for 34 years in what was probably the‘golden age’ of the estate. As sheriff of Wiltshire in the reign ofQueen Mary he no doubt insured that the building extendedover the brook (then running alongside the House) to be able tohave a foot in both counties. He also obtained additional landaround Cricklade following the dissolution of the monasteries.

Sir Anthony restored and refurbished Down Ampney House.He left his monogram carved on a stone corbel in the Hall andcommemorated both of his wives in stained glass by themonograms AIH (Anthony and Iane) and ADH (Anthony andDorothy). He also built ((21537) a massive and magnificenttwin-towered gatehouse, but this was tragically burnt out in1961 and demolished. Leland (]oumey through Wiltshire,1540-42) wrote "Syr Anthony Hungerford hath a fair house ofstone" and other observers of that time suggest buildings linkedthe gatehouse and main house to form a partly closedquadrangle. In fact Down Ampney must have looked at its bestin 1592 when Queen Elizabeth, on one of her progresses, "cameto Donameny one Friday night, being the first of September".She had spent the previous night at Lydiard Tregoze andmoved on the following morning to meet the gentlemen of theShire of Driffield. The Hungerford wealth fluctuated and, twogenerations on, Sir Anthony II had a struggle to rescue theimpoverished estates left by his spendthrift predecessor. Howwell he enhanced the family fortunes can be judged by the

magnificent Hungerford tomb erected in the north transept ofthe Church in 1637.

The best description of Down Ampney at this time was by IohnAubrey (Wiltshire Collections C1670). He wrote "This is a verynoble seate and situated with very great convenience forpleasure and profitt. By the house runs a fine brooke... wheredepastures a great number of cattle... and thirty milk maydessinging. On the other side is the Cotswold Campania, that the

HAFS Ioumal Vol.2 No.3 page 10 HA5 I‘’“"'“’ V0” "03 W8‘ 11
property of healing diseases of the eyes. This wouldseem to fit the legend that Saint Augustine, at theConference, gave sight to a blind man as a proof of his

lord can fly his hawke as soon as he is on horseback". He alsonoted "the escutcheon of Hungerford cut in stone"; this was on

the Gatehouse but was saved after the fire and is now inset on

the inside Hall wall. Aubrey also wrote, "part of the kitchen m’55_’°_”'_ If 0’_'/y ‘the Venerable Bed?’ had_ been moreand I think the Cellar is in Wilts... part of the kitchen was taken exphc” ”7 4:’-9 h’5t°”ca/ account _of the _Meet’”g under anout of the river": this was probably 50, the river county Oak Tree - _ other Suppomng ewdence of DOW”boundary then ran close by the rear of the house. AmPl79V'-9 C/3/m 9X’5T5-

It-it-It-$36

Aubrey also described at great length the windows which atthat time featured 24 shields of stained glass to illustrate theHungerford pedigrees, rovidin a ma nificent embellishment ,

to the Hall. Remarkably (due To Sir Jgohn Soane) one of the Owners of Down Ampney Houseshields showing the arms of Hungerford of Farleigh impalingMoleyns has survived intact and can be seen over the front doorwith the monograms and the Hungerford badge of a mulletwithin three sickles.

Down Ampney House was owned by several people closelyassociated with the English monarchs, and since 1374 the Hungerfordowners of Down Ampney House have been as follows:

_ 1374-1398 Sir Thomas Hungerford,That the Hall possessed some splendour in those days may be First Speaker in the House of Commons

judged from Biglandis description’ (History of Gloucester’ 1791): 1398-1449 Walter, 1st Lord Hungerford, Treasurer of England

who settled Down Ampney on his youngest son1449-1484 Sir Edmund Hungerford1484-1494 Sir Thomas Hungerford

1494-1524 Sir John Hungerford1524-1558 Sir Anthony Hungerford I (married twice)

1558-1583 Sir John Hungerford

very lofty and spacious with a roof of timber frame whichis supported by cherubs holding escutcheons chargedwith arms... the wainscot, which is of small compart-ments filled with mantles,  lwith) many grotesquemouldings  and a date 1537.

The property passed to the Dunch family in 1653. Hungerford 1533-1589 Sir Af|1110I1Y Hungerford 11Dunch was MP for Cricklade in 1659 but the family was not 1539-1634 Sir John H1II1g€I‘fOfd (1115 II1€m0I'i«'i11I1lh€ C111lI'C11)long at Down Ampney and in 1719 sold to James Craggs the 1634-1653 Sir Anthony Hungerford III, who had an only childYounger (who made some additions to the house) but he died 1653-1673 Bridget Hungerford W110 married Edmund Dunchof smallpox in 1721 and it then passed by marriage of one of the (he was first cousin of Oliver Cromwell)heiresses to the Eliot family of Port Eliot, Cornwall. 1678-1680 Hungerford Dunch, MP I C010I1€1 Of F00‘1680-1719 Edmund Dunch II, MP, who left no male heir* 1 1 1 1 1719 estate sold to James Craggs 8: passed to Eliot family

The ancient estate, in true English fashion, also lays claim to the sameincident which I related as belonging to Cricklade, (namely the visit ofSaint Augustine) as follows according to Major the Rev'd Robert

Nesham’ A Down Ampney formed part of the court life in thelate 16th century

The earliest reference to the Village and Parish of Down aI‘_ld one of the papers we_were given there -includes the'writing ofAmpney, or Downe Ampney, comes to Us in the farm of Diana Holmes. In this article, reproduced with her perimssion, she

an account, supported by Some historians of sound describes the part which the Manor House and its inhabitants played

réputation, though equally contested by rival claimants 1“ the Royal history of the time‘from Cricklade and Aust on Severn, that it was here inthe year AD 603 that Saint Augustine held the famousmeeting with the English Bishops. Certain it is that thereis a spot on Down Ampney's disused airfield which is bytradition known as "The Oaks" and near to it is the dried-up well or spring once said to have been famous for its

HA1-"S jourrml Vol.2 No.3 page 12 HAP5 I‘’“"'“' V‘’” N03 “'3” 13
Down Ampney's Partin Queen Elizabeth's Royal Progress of 1592

by Diana Holmes

The royal progresses of Queen Elizabeth I were a unique featureof her reign, taking place at a time when the monarchy wasstable and the Queen confident of the support of her subjects.For many summers the Court left one or other of the royalpalaces and took to the rough roads of the wider countryside forthe Monarch to meet her people. The progresses not onlyprovided a welcome break from routine but were invaluablepublic relations exercises giving the Queen an opportunity toassess the mood of public opinion and her subjects to see,petition and proffer loyal addresses to, the graciousmother-figure which she had become. The affection of thepublic for their Queen was evident.

The courtiers, accustomed to more comfortable conditions,hated them, much preferring life at court or spending thesummer months on their own country estates. Often there wasnot enough room in the houses they visited and the discomfortof sleeping in stables, or even tents, was a source of muchcomplaint. The Queen herself always travelled with her ownbed, looked after by the Groom of the Wardrobe of Beds.

Logistically they must have been a nightmare. Up to 300 cartscarried the baggage of the Court and up to 2,000 horses had tobe fed and watered. Entertaining Her Majesty was anenormous financial burden on her hosts who were obliged oftento enlarge their houses to accommodate the retinue. Additionalsilver and plate had to be bought, new hangings provided aswell as such extras as paper, ink and wax lights for herentourage. Vast quantities of food and drink were required andrelations and neighbours were often called on to rally roundand provide such offerings as haunches of venison or barrels ofwine. On one Sunday breakfast in Sussex the housepartyaccounted for three oxen and 140 geese.

Elizabeth never travelled further north than Norwich, or fartherwest than Bristol, Stafford being the most distant town to bereached. There were promises, never fulfilled, to the people ofShrewsbury and Leicester, but as her reign advanced the Queentravelled less far. The year before her visit to Down Ampney

she had been to Hampshire, but in 1592 her Progress throughWiltshire, Gloucestershire and Oxfordshire was probably the

last of the great journeys. In the later years of her reign, whichended in 1603, she restricted her travels to the Home Counties.

HA1-"S Iournal Vol.2 No.3 page 14

Undeniably the Queen showed herself to her people at littleexpense to herself and indeed found the progresses to be asource of profit. In the towns she visited her subjects dutifullypa1d_tr1bute in cash or kind and her host was expected toprovide a gift as well as hospitality and entertainment. This lastmight be as modest as madrigals in the long gallery but couldtake the form of an elaborate and costly masque, a stylizedpageant combining verse, mime, ballet and spectacle. Towardsthe end of the 1592 progress the Queen reached Ditchley inOxfordshire where Sir Henry Lee, the Champion of the Tilt,staged a magnificent tournament. The previous year, atElvetham in Hampshire, Edward Johnson's dance/song "Eliza isour fairest Queen" caused great delight and several encoreswere called for.

Eliza is the fairest queen

that ever trod upon this green;

Eliza '5 eyes are blessed stars,

Inducing peace, subduing wars;

Eliza 's hand is crystal bright,

Her words are balm, her looks are light;Eliza '5 breast is that fair hill

Where virtue dwells, and sacred skilllOh, blessed be each day and hour,Where sweet Eliza builds her bower! "

It is no wonder that she was pleased 

England in 1592, four years after the Armada, was stillthreatened by the ambitions of the King of Spain and, on thevery day she arrived at Down Ampney, it was credibly reportedthat a Spanish fleet was in the Channel. The Queen's politicalproblems were great, and on top of that a particularly badoutbreak of plague in London that summer killed thousands.

The 1592 progress had begun on or about August 8th. TheQueen stayed at Ramsbury and Burderop (just south ofSwindon) before reaching Lydiard Tregoze where her host wasJohn St John, his wife Lucy being the daughter of Sir WalterHungerford of Farleigh Hungerford. A Court was held atLydiard on the morning of September 1st and present, inaddition to the Queen, were Lord Burghley, the Lord Treasurer,the Lord Chamberlain and his Vice Chamberlain, Sir RobertCecil and Mr Fortescue the "Master of the Great Wardroppe"

and Chancellor of the Exchequer. Mr St John was rewardedwith a knighthood.

HAFS Iournal Vol.2 No.3 page 15

J
Later that day the inhabitants of Cricklade must have beenastonished at the sight of such a huge and splendid processionas it passed through the small town. Since the road was wellused it is likely the Queen would have been in her coach; alitter was used when the roads were difficult and some days shechose to ride her own horse. At Latton it would have passed bythe church and entered the park before reaching Down Ampneywhere Sir John Hungerford waited to receive his Sovereign.

Sir John had succeeded his father three years before. Still only26 he had been knighted two years previous to the royal visitand, with his wife Mary, welcomed Her Majesty to DownAmpney, at that time only a small part of the extensiveHungerford estates.

His grandfather had been a spendthrift and after his successionin 1583 his father had to devote the next six years to restoringthe family fortunes. In his frequent absences both his sons hadbeen brought up as Roman Catholics by their mother, Bridget,and it was not until Sir Anthony's return "having recoveredhimself out of the storms of troubles that had long beaten uponhim" that he could take matters in hand to ensure that his sonswere converted to "the (protestant) religion established in thiskingdom". At his death his will indicated some suspicion of hiselder son as he tried to favour the second, also Anthony.

Sir John remained the Lord of Down Ampney, then, as now, aprosperous agricultural estate, for a further 43 years after theQueen's visit. His life seems to have been unexceptional and,although he was later somewhat overshadowed by his youngerbrother (who married a Hungerford-heiress cousin), theinscription of the handsome tomb in the church adjacent to thehouse speaks well, if not over-enthusiastically of him:

serviceable to his King and Country.Liberal to his friends,

charitable to the Poor

and courteous to all

Lady Mary's epitaph, in elegant Latin, records that she lived ingreat harmony with her husband for 44 years; she bore himthree sons and four daughters. She predeceased him by sevenyears allowing him time to marry again before he himself diedin 1635.

We have no account of the night's celebrations at DownAmpney but a contemporary record describes the next day 

HAFS Iournal Vol.2 No.3 page 16

 



On the marrowe the Lord Chandos, Sir John Poynes,Knight, High Sheriff of Glouc'rshiere, and the rest of theKnights and Gentlemen of the Shiere receaved Her Maj 'tein a fayre long plotte of meadowe in a fielde in DryfieldParish, near the highway leading to Cricklad, their traynesof horsemen rancked and placed according to their call-ings, most pte having breaches and dowblets of silke,and so wayted on Her to Cisseter, being presented at theTown and with a fayre cuppe of double gilte worth xx£,given by the town of Cisseter, with an oration in Latyn.Her Highness lodged at Sir John Dan vers new house.

It was an era when many of the great country houses of

England were being built and, for his, Sir Iohn Danvers adopted

the typical Elizabethan 'E' shape and constructed it on the site»of what is now the Mansion of Cirencester Park. Later the

estate was bought by the Bathurst family and in 1715 the first

Earl built the present Mansion around the central block ofDanvers’ original house.

From Cirencester the progress made its way to Rendcombe,where "the extremetie of a great winde that day" detained theman extra night. They moved on to Sudeley where they stayedfora week before leaving on Saturday September 16th to go byway of Ditchley and Witney for an exhausting six day formalVisit to Oxford University. From there it was probably a relief toarrive at Rycote (Thame) the home of generous and familiarhosts, the Norrises, before returning to London.

>1-ii-it-it-$

As we stood in the Great Hall with our backs to the tapestries of theHungerfords and Eliots, our attention was drawn to the fine knight'shelm on a wall bracket high above the entrance. The Rev'd Neshamexplained to us the history of this piece of knight's armour.

Some years ago and during his incurnbency of the parishes of Poultonand Down Ampney many years of accumulated material had beencleared from within the church vestry and adjoining rooms. Amongstthis collection was an ancient helmet, rusted and in urgent need ofattention. This item was entrusted to the care of the British Armouryfor complete restoration and upon its return to the parish, it was diffi-cult to know where it should be housed or preferably displayed.

After months of wrangling with the diocesan authorities it was agreedthat an agreement be drawn between the owner of the house and the

church which would retain ownership within the church but allow thefine old piece of armour to be displayed in Down Ampney Great Hall.

HA1-"S Ioumal Vol.2 No.3 page 17
Today it is set there for all to see within the protection of the lovely All Saints’ Church Down Ampmyold building so appropriate to the period and in no way out of place. by the ReV,d Rgbert Negham

To us, the importance lay in the fact that this armourial piece hadprobably belonged to one of the llungerfords as owners of the House,and if correctly surmised then it is most appropriately displayed there.

Passing over some hundreds of years from the time of the visitby St Augustine, we find reference in the Domesday Survey tothe Ampney Brook and to four Parishes which bear the name of

We lingered as we inspected and took many photographs but event— Ampney, one of them obviougy being Down Ampney In 1250ually were conducted across the lawn which separates the house from it was given to Sir Ni¢ho1,-.15 de viuiers who made over part tothe church and once again under guidance of the Rev'd Nesham we the Knights Templars as a site for a Church. Fifteen years later,entered his former place of influence by the main door. in 1265, the Church was conse(:rated, presumably on AllThere is no—one better able to tell the story than this experienced and 5 Hallows Day’ Smce “S dedication 15 to All saints‘

dedicated Pastor and with his ldnd and Serlemds Permission W9 In 1315 the Templars were suppressed and the benefice passedreproduce his writing on the subject. J

into the hands of the Abbey of Cirencester where it remaineduntil the Dissolution of the Monasteries in the reign of HenryVIII. At that time the living was given by Cardinal Wolsey tothe College of Christ Church, Oxford, who remain Patrons ofthe Living. In recent years the benefices of Down Ampney andPoulton were made a Plurality.

At the suppression of the Templars the Manor passed into thehands of Sir Thomas Hungerford, who in 1376 became the firstelected Speaker of the House of Commons. It was theHungerfords who were responsible for the building of nearbyDown Ampney House (1435-1509) and later the fine earlyseventeenth century Gatehouse.

The Church is cruciform in plan and consists of Tower, Nave,Chancel and two Transepts, each of which is a Chapel. Whiletower, nave and south aisle are certainly original, it is theopinion of some that the north aisle and chancel are eitheradditions, or have suffered extensive modification.

It was during the building of I)own Ampney House that then steeple was added to the existing tower, and the steeple isreputed to be one of the finest spires of the period.

as The Porch, on the south side of the Church, is fifteenth century,and still bears the obvious scars of the desecration its manyniches suffered from the iconoclasts of the past. On enteringthe building one notices the extensive restoration which tookplace in 1907. During this time the pulpit, rood-screen andChoir stalls and reredos were given by Mr and MrsMartin—Gibbs. All of these and other items in the Church aregood examples of the craftsmanship of the time.

The Tower is original with the addition of the Early Englishspire and it contains a peal of bells.

All Saints’ Church, Down Ampney

HA]-‘S Iouy-mg] V0I_2 No_3 page 18  Iaurmzl l/01,2 No.3 page 19
The added weight imposed by the spire caused severesettlement of the tower since there were no proper foundationslaid, and in 1884 the tie-bars, which can be seen as iron crosseson the exterior of the tower were put in. Visitors should alsonotice the ’Mass Clocks‘ on the south—west corner of the outsideof the tower. Inside the south-west corner of the tower is thesmall grave of John, grandson of Sir Anthony Hungerford (1653)whose self-composed epitaph is carved on the stone alongside.

Within the chancel may be noted a repetition of the heraldicshields of the nave in the carvings on the ends of the choirstalls. Here also will be seen a hagioscope or squint whichallows the High Altar to be seen from the Lady Chapel} Theorgan is a small Walker.

Within the Chapel will be seen the memorial window on thesouth side of the Altar to Arthur Charles Vaughan Williams,Vicar of the Parish, who is buried in the churchyard almostbeneath the window. His son, Dr Ralph Vaughan Williamscommemorated the place of his birth by the tune 'DownAmpney‘ to the words of the hymn ‘Come down 0 LoveDivine’.

In the North transept is a splendid Jacobean oak screen,embracing fragments from a gallery which stood in CirencesterChurch in 1640. It is adorned with flowers and colouredheraldic shields, and contains in gilded letters the name SirAnthony Hungerford. In the transept beyond it, which ispanelled in Jacobean oak, Sir Anthony, head of the eighth andlast generation of his family to be Lords of Down Ampney,kneels at a prayer desk with his father, Sir John (the left handfigure), both carved in alabaster, under a canopy supported onmarble columns. They have knelt together here since 1637,though it was not until 1653 that Sir Anthony died and wasburied here beside his father and his mother, whose memorialis on the north wall. Another memorial to his brother, John,who died in 1643, stands under the tower, with an epitaphwhich he himself composed.

On the side of the nave is the Ilungerford Chapel. Parts of thescreen separating it from the nave came from the Musician'sGallery of the Abbey Church at Cirencester about three hundredyears ago, and are said to have been found in a yard in thevillage. The memorial to Sir John Hungerford dominates theChapel, having been moved there from the north—west comer of

The ‘squint’ was situated in the chapel in such a way that the junior priest incelebrating the Mass could watch and thus keep in time with his senior saying theMass to the congregation in the body of the Church.

HAFS Jourruzl Vol.2 No.3 page 20

 



the north aisle. It was originally erected by his son, SirAnthony. A helmet said to have belonged to Sir Anthony, is inthe possession of the Church. Immediately to the east of theChapel is the well—fitted Vestry in which are kept Registersdating back to 1603.

In June 1974 a modern stained glass window, designed by MrAB. Buss, in the north wall of the church was dedicated as amemorial to the men of the R.A.F. and Airborne Forces whooperated from Down Ampney Airfield during the 1939-45 war.It was donated in 1974 by survivors of the forces who used theairfield. The design incorporates the crests and badges of thoseforces and the outline of a Dakota which were the aeroplanesthey operated for the D-day and Arnhem landings, alsodepicted is the Victoria Cross won by Flight Lieut David Lordflying from Down Ampney.

>l-It->l-36%|-

Our visit to this fine home, the Church and the grounds surroundingthe whole, showed us dramatically how our forebears lived in a stateof opulence and possessed of power from the Crown. Today the clas-sical style of the property and the great beauty of Down AmpneyHouse continues to carry that genuineness in a manner becoming the

English. The present owner, Bruce Jones, is a busy man of import-ance but not too busy to devote time to us in making us welcome and

spending time to share with us from his knowledge of the past andhis enjoyment of the home.

The day spent tracing some of the Hungerford footsteps was a veryenjoyable one full of interest and rewarding us with a closer under-standing of a segment of history.

Finally we wish to acknowledge the kindness and hospitality shownto us by Robert and Felicity Nesham who had promised us, evenbefore we left Australia, an interesting time and the fulfilment of thatundertaking was amply demonstrated during our visit to Poulton andDown Ampney.

HAFS Journal Vol.2 No.3 page 21
Captain Thomas of Ratflfrarryby Peter D. Sherlock

The step—by—step, established lineages of a large number of Hunger-ford families worldwide end with an elusive gentleman referred to as"Captain Thomas Hungerford of Rathbarry, County Cork, Ireland".Coincidentally, many North American I-lungerfords trace their lineageback to another elusive gentleman of the seventeenth century,Thomas Hungerford of Connecticut. The genealogies of these twomen has not been established conclusively since they were forgottenby family memory sometime in the eighteenth century.

The fact that these two Thomas I-Iungerfords lived in the seventeenthcentury warrants attention as this was a turbulent time in Englishhistory, and our family was by no means exempt from its opportu-nities and pitfalls. Many genealogies have a break in this period,partly due to the disruptions to record-keeping caused by the civilwar. Nevertheless, evidence has recently come to light through theJackson Papers and elsewhere to provide me with a reasonable theoryfor Thomas Hungerford of Ireland's ancestry, and it is this theory Iwish to unfold in this article.

The Irish Hungerfords have always claimed relationship to their pres-tigious cousins of Farleigh Hungerford castle, naming their propertiesFarleigh or Farley, and employing the Hungerford coat of arms. Sincethe 19th century various members of the family have made occasionalattempts to uncover the exact relationship. The usual beginning pointis with an inscription in Ross Cathedral, Cork, reproduced opposite.

While this tablet is useful, it is not exactly enlightening, especially asit was erected 200 years after the period in question. Sir BernardBurke's Dormant Er Extinct Peemges gives equally vague information,acknowledging that despite the demise of the Hungerford family ofFarleigh Castle with Sir Edward "Spendthrift" Hungerford's death in1711, there were two branches in County Cork Ireland, "one at theIsland, near Clonakilty, co. Cork, and the other at Cahirmore, nearRoscarbery, in the same co." Burke goes on to add that:

Colonel Richard Hungerford of the Island, is called "cou—sin" in the will dated 24 May, 1729, of one of his Englishkinsmen, and Capt Thomas Hungerford, who d. 1680, isdescribed on his monument in Roscarbery Cathedral, asdescended of Sir Edward Hungerford of Do wn Ampney ”.

It is not hard to discover that the generous Hungerford gentleman of

1729 was the john Hungerford of Lincoln's Inn, whose memorial inKings College Cambridge featured in our last Iournal.

HAFS joumal Vol.2 No.3 page 22

 



In Memory ofCaptn. THOMAS HUNGERFORD

who died March 2nd 1680and was interred in this Cathedral.

He was descended from Sir Edmund Hungerford ofDown Ampney Co. of Gloucester. Sir Edmund was thesecond son of Walter Lord Hungerford of Farley CastleCo of Wilts. who took the Duke of Orleans prisoner atthe battle of Agincourt, was Lord High Steward in thereign of Henry the fifth, one of the executors of his willand Lord High Treasurer in the reign of Henry the sixth.

Lord Hungerford was the only surviving son of SirThomas de Hungerford who in the 51 st of Edward thethird was the first who took the chair as Speaker in the

House of Commons.

This tablet is erected by Thomas Hungerford of Cahir-more and sixth in descent from the above named CaptnThomas Hungerford this 21 st day of February 1857.

The Tablet in Ross Cathedral, County Cork

HA1-"S Iournal Vol.2 No.3 page 23
The Oxford Dictionary of National Biography notes:

Hungerford, John ld.1729), lawyer, whose connectionwith the family of Farleigh has not been ascertained, wasin 1677 admitted a student at Lincoln's Inn, being thendescribed as the son and heir-apparent of ”l-?ichardHungerford" of Wiltshire.

The DNB records that John died on 8 June 1729, after a distinguishedlegal and Parliamentary career. He died childless, leaving a widowMary, and the DNB is at pains to point out that his relationship to thefamily of Farleigh Castle is unknown. Another small clue to this JohnHungerford is found in Burke's Irish Family Records, with its indispens-able section on the Hungerfords. Burke points to several IrishHungerfords who are named in John's will, many of whom are called"cousin". He suggests, however, that "cousin" ought to be read as"relative", not "son of my father's brother".

Much of this information has been frequently reviewed by frustratedHungerford historians, with few additions, leaving many in despair ofever finding Thomas's parentage or his relationship to John Hunger-ford. However, at the inaugural meeting of the HAFS in September

1990 the Patron, Dr Tom Hungerford, produced a family tree drawnup for him some years earlier in England. This chart traced his

ancestry directly back to the Hungerfords of Farleigh Castle. Withgreat interest the following portion of the pedigree was noted down:

Anthony Hungerford (dl 1559) of Down AmpneyThomas & Ethel StrangIThomas 8: Israel GoddardIFalk 8: Alice IrleJollinCaptain Thomas (1 1680 of RathbarryThis was the first feasible suggestion for the connection with theEnglish Hungerfords that I had seen. Anthony Hungerford was aprominent member of the Down Ampney family, who married twiceand left several children. (He is the Anthony Hungerford whoseinitials are carved with his wives’ initials in Down Ampney Church.)

However the tree gave no source for its information and so verificationwas not a possibility.

No further progress was made until the acquisition of the JacksonPapers in 1993. In his several pages on the Irish Hungerfords, Jacksonwas unable to establish Captain Thomas's origins, although he hadcollected many interesting facts on the establishment of the Hunger-fords in Ireland, some of which I will relate to you here.

HAI-"S Journal Vol.2 No.3 page 24

 



It is not clear when Thomas settled at The Island, Clonakilty, but in1669 "Eliah Greene of Dublin sold to Thos Hungerford of Rathbarryhis land" and in 1673 "Edward Williams of Brecknock sold to EmanuelMoore of Ross Carbery and Thos Hungerford of Little Island the landsof Clackalarriff, Montbegon and Cashtrovember |?]".‘ PerhapsThomas settled at the Island between these two dates.

Jackson records several details concerning other Hungerfords passingthrough Ireland, particular in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries.However, he lists no "Colonel Edward Hungerford", the distantcousin with whom Thomas supposedly travelled to Ireland. There is,however, one Colonel Anthony Hungerford who arrived in Irelandwith his regiment, to assist the Marquis of Omionde, on 30 April1647. This Anthony registered his pedigree and arms with theHeralds College, Dublin, on 10 May 1647, giving his father as "HenryHungerford of South Marston, near Highworth, Wilts who was 2ndson of Sir John H. who was son and heir of Sir Anthony H. of DownAmpney".’ This pedigree sets Anthony as first cousin once removedto the then occupant of Down Ampney House, Sir Anthony III.

Returning again to the Dictionary of National Biography, one findsmention of this Colonel Anthony:

Colonel Anthony Hungerford (d. 165 7), a parliamentarian,

. . was colonel of a regiment at Drogheda in 1648. In1650, after being seriously wounded in battle in Ireland,he returned to England . . . In July 1652 the council ofstate granted him 100/. to enable him to return to Ireland. . . on 28 March 1654 his regiment was disbanded

The entry finishes with the information that Anthony died on 9 June1657 in England. However there is an important fact tacked on to theend, stating that "in 1658 his widow, Chrisagon, petitioned Cromwellfor relief".

Those familiar with Sir R.C.Hoare's Hungerfordiana may recollect thathe records the memorial of one "Chrysogon, wife of John Emes, Gent.and daughter of Anthony Hungerford, Esq., who died in the prime ofher age, xv. of April, 1670 . . .". This memorial is to be found inPershore, Worcestershire." The parish registers of Pershore HolyCross indicate that Anthony and Chrysogon Hungerford had at least

two children, Katherine in 1639 and Cryzigon [sic] in 1641.

1 J.E. Jackson, Hungerford Papers Vol.4, p.126.

2 Ibid.

Hungerfordiana, p.95.

HAPS Journal Vol.2 No.3 page 25
Hoare was unable to connect this family to the rest of the Englishfamily. It is clear however, that Colonel Anthony Hungerford was aresident of Pershore when he was not in Ireland. The importance ofthis connection with Pershore, made by Hungerfords descended fromthe Down Ampney family, will soon become clear.

Having established the identity of Captain Thomas Hungerford'stravelling companion of 1647, the next step is to attempt to trace thepedigree of John Hungerford of Lincoln's Inn in the hope of findingsome connection with the Irish familiy. Jackson devotes several pagesto this man's career, including a complete transcription of his willmade in 1729. Not only does John leave 400 pounds to his "near kins-rnan Colonel Hungerford and his wife", to "cousin Richard Hunger-ford, youngest son of my dear cousin Colonel Hungerford", to theRev’d Emanuel Hungerford and to several female relatives, he leavesbequests to his kinsman Edward Hungerford of Blackborton "notwith—standing his ill usage of me", to his kinsman Henry Hungerford ofFyfield, several god—children and some relatives of his wife. Thesignificance of all these bequests for our pedigree is that he only usesthe term "cousin" when referring to his Irish relatives, a fact that ledJackson (and leads me) to assume that John had a close blood relation-ship to Captain Thomas of Rathbarry and his descendants?

Jackson's attempt to trace John Hungerford's ancestry began with twofacts: John's father was, as indicated above in the Dictionary of Biogra-phy, a Richard Hungerford of Wiltshire, and John was a nephew of aDr Price. As well, John's tombstone in Hungerford, Berkshire, notedthat he was descended from the "Hungerfords of Lea and DownAmpney". He was 71 at his death in 1729, suggesting a birthdate of1657/58, which would tie in with his admission to Lincoln's Inn on 7August 1677.

Jackson noted the will of "Richard Price, D.D., Rector of Petworth,Sussex, Fellow of Eaton College" dated 10 October 1690. His executorwas his nephew John Hungerford "of Lincoln's Inn". Thus Jacksonconcluded that John's mother must have been Price's sister. Fortu-nately for us there is recorded in the International Genealogical Index amarriage in December 1656 at Bath Abbey, Somerset, between RichardHungerford and Anne Price. There can be no doubt that this couplebecame John's parents.

The next problem becomes the establishment of this Richard'sancestry, however, a problem to which Jackson cannot find a defini-tive solution.

' Incidentally, John's wife Mary Spooner died in 1740, and after her death the IrishHungerfords delayed or disputed his will, perhaps as several of the legatees weredeceased. Kings College Cambridge lodged a bill in Chancery and eventually gottwo-thirds of the estate. There may be some question as to whether KingsCollege received money intended for the Irish branch of the Hungerford family!

HAI-"S Journal Vol.2 No.3 page 26

 



His only suggestion is noted under the heading Pulman's MSS Heralds’College Pedigree of John Hungerford of Hungerford.‘ This pedigree is asfollows:

Richard Hungerford living 1599(son of Antony H by - Goddard .7)

a supposition of Mr Pulman's [Jackson's note]Thomas H Richard H * Ann d of Ellis Price

1677 I of Gatcombe, I of Wight

John H of H’d d 1729& Lincoln's Inn

Jackson appears to hold doubts about the reliability of this pedigree,perhaps on the basis that he has no further evidence for it. The pres-ence of an ancestress surnamed Goddard tantalizingly recalls theIsrael Goddard in the pedigree held by Dr Tom Hungerford. A searchthrough the Jackson papers reveals the family of Anthony Hungerfordand Israel Goddard, who were members of the Hungerfords of "TheLea", this place being the very place from which John Hungerfordclaimed descent on his 1729 tombstone! This considerably confinesthe people from whom John, and presumably our Captain Thomas,may be descended.

Anthony and Israel's family are well documented thanks to the exist-

ence of many wills. Anthony was the son of Thomas Hungerford andEdith Strange, and his only brother Thomas died childless in 1595 He

married Israel, daughter of Vincent Goddard about 1575 and had fivechildren, Thomas, Falke, Richard, Anne and Israel. Anthony andIsrael were buried at Hankerton church, Wiltshire, a village near Lea(if any are travelling through this region a visit could proveworthwhilel).

The descendants of Anthony and Israel's children, excepting Richard,are accounted for across the next two generations or so. The eldestson Thomas married his relative Ann Hungerford, and died in 1642.Thomas and Ann had one son Anthony (he died in 1662 leaving twosons who both died in their teenage years), and one daughter Ann,wife of Samuel Kinaston; this male line died out completely. Thesecond son Falke married Avis Ivy, and died in 1620, leaving threeyoung children Henry, George and Susan, whose fate is not known.

' Jackson Papers, Volume 3, p.282a.HAFS Iournal Vol.2 No.3 page 27
However, none of Falke's children would have been old enough tofather our Captain Thomas or John's father Richard, so that wouldappear to rule out his branch, despite the appearance of Falke &: Avison Dr Tom's pedigree.

There is no further information on Anthony and Israel's remainingson Richard except that he was living in 1599 (he is mentioned in hisgrandmother Edith's will). Jackson surmises that this Richard wouldbe too old to be the Richard Hungerford who married Anne Price in1656, so he instead suggests that he could be the father of Richardand thus the grandfather of John of Lincoln's Inn who married AnnePrice. This theory is sketched in faint pencil on his chart of theHungerfords of "The Lea".

However, Jackson adds the suggestion that Richard son of Anthonymarried his cousin, Anne Haslewood, who was the widow of a MrKimber. The International Genealogical Index records a marriage ofRichardus Hungerford and Anna Kimber on 27 July 1629 at Brickle-hampton, Worcester. This is where the theory becomes interesting,for assuming that this Anna Kimber was indeed Anne Haslewood,she was the daughter of Fulke Haslewood and Dorothy Hungerford,Dorothy being the sister of Anthony Hungerford who married IsraelGoddard. Moreover, Fulke and Dorothy Haslewood lived at Wick-warren, in Worcester and are buried in the church at Pershore.

 



The Memorial of Fulke 8 Dorothy Haslewood, Pershore, Worcs

as sketched by Canon Jackson, Jackson Papers, Places Volume 3

HAFS Journal Vol.2 No.3 page 28

 



There are four things to note at this point. Firstly, the names of thisbranch of the family correspond to several names on Dr Tom Hunger-ford's Chart. Secondly, the town of Pershore contains a memorial toFulke and Dorothy Hungerford Haslewood (which records theirarmorial bearings, reproduced here), possibly great-grandparents ofJohn Hungerford of Lincoln's Inn, as well as the memorial to Chryso-gon, daughter of Captain Anthony Hungerford who went to Irelandin 1647. Thirdly, if John Hungerford is descended from the family ofLea, there are very few options for his ancestry apart from the Richardson of Anthony and Israel mentioned above. Finally, all the personalnames so far mentioned serve as circumstantial evidence; Thomas,Richard and John feature strongly among the Irish Hungerfords aswell as in the branch of the family under consideration.

So far the ancestry of John Hungerford of Lincoln's Inn has beententatively established, although further evidence would be valuable,such as wills for either of the two Richard Hungerfords mentioned,and a record of baptism for John's father Richard, son of Richard andAnne. The question still remains, however, as to exactly how theIrish Hungerfords are connected. '

The Pulman's MSS pedigree mentioned above notes a ThomasHungerford as a brother of Richard and thus an uncle of JohnHungerford of Lincoln's Inn, although no authority is given for thisfact. I believe this is the Thomas who came to Ireland in’1647. Hisson, Colonel Richard Hungerford of the Island, would then be JohnHungerford's (first) cousin, as he is called in the 1729 will. Moreover,the chronology would be more than satisfactory. Thomas arrived in1647, with his relative Anthony Hungerford; he could have been asyoung as 16 or 17. His proposed parents Richard and Anne weremarried in 1629, and probably began having children in 1630.Thomas's children include Richard, John and Thomas as boys, corre-sponding to his brother Richard, nephew John and himself Thomas,perhaps also derived from his father Richard and great—grandfatherThomas.

The final clue that I am on the right track comes from a tapestry hang-ing in the Great Hall of Down Ampney House that gives an armorialfamily tree of the Hungerfords associated with that place. In a letterfrom the minister Robert Nesham to Meredyth Hungerford in 1979, hementions that "halfway down at the end of one branch there is anentry: Thomas of Lea who married Edith Strange d 1603 and beneaththis is written: Hungerfords of Lea & of Co. Cork; of Canada, Austra-lia, N.Zealand 8: America." Thus, even if the family tree below is notquite right yet, there is at last a framework into which our ancestrymust fit, between 1603 and 1680, the death dates of Thomas of Rath-

barry and his ancestress Edith Strange.

HAFS Journal Vol.2 No.3 page 29
itaungerturh of Emma Qmpmzy ant lttelanb

Anthony Hungerford of Down Ampney (died 1558)married 1st Jane Darell 2nd Dorothy Danvers

r-—-——-—'---I

]ohn of Down Ampney Thomas of Brills Court, Lea

d 1583 m Edith Strange (d 1603)

m Bridget Fettiplace |

Henry of Marston Anthony Dorothy

(second son) in 1575 d 1626??

d 1581 Israel Goddard m Fulke

m Elizabeth Beke buried at Hankerton Haslewood d 1596

of Pershoré

Col Anthony Richard m 1629 Anne (Mrs Kimber)arr Ireland 1647 at Bricklehamptond 1657 Worcester

m Chrysogon ? I_. _ J. .. .. _.I‘ 71

Chrysogon Capt Thomas Richard1641-1670 ' arr Ireland 1647 m 1656 Anne Pricem John Emes d 1680 at Bath Abbeym Mary .7Col Richard Thomas John of Lincolns Innof Inchodony of Cahirmore 1658-1729d 1729 m 1684 m Mary Spooner

m Mary Moore Frances Synge

 



This pedigree does not include all siblings or children of the peoplementioned. The only sections in doubt are the connection of Richardand Anne Hungerford, married in 1629, as parents of Thomas andRichard, and there is no firm evidence that Thomas and Richard arebrothers. Anthony Hungerford of Down Ampney was fourth indescent from Walter Lord Hungerford and Catherine Peverell. Thepedigree and the article show our great indebtedness to the painstak-ing, comprehensive work of Canon Jackson last century.

HAFS journal Vol.2 No.3 page 30

 



Incfiecfonyby Marcia H. Clarke

Captain Thomas Hungerford built his first Irish home on theIsland of Inchedony. This island consists of 900 acres, and wasgranted to him for services rendered to the Crown. Like manyEnglishmen of the 1647 Expedition, he chose to remain inIreland after open hostilities ceased, as being only a cadet, oryounger son of the House of Hungerford in England, he hadlittle or no chance of expecting great grants of land from hisalready prolific family there.

The Island of lnchedony stands some 200 yards off the southcoast of Ireland, opposite the small township of Clonakilty. Itwas an ideal piece of land for an Englishman, as, beingsurrounded by deep water at high tide, and fordable only byhorses at low, its boundaries were secure at all times, and itneeded no fences or barriers to mark its perimeter.

He built himself a stone house on the lee side of the islandwhich he surrounded with an eighteen foot high stone wall.

This wall encompassed two acres, and not only gave warmth ,

and protection to those living within its bounds but theoccupants of the house could sleep easier in their beds knowingthat no enemy could gain entry — a necessary precaution in thetroubled Ireland of the seventeenth century.

Here in this peaceful, lonely, and windswept corner of Ireland,Thomas and Mary Hungerford raised four sons and at leastthree daughters, of whom all but one son married, giving himmany grandchildren in his own lifetime, and thus allowing himto enjoy the personal achievement of beginning a new dynastyin a new land.

He died on 2 March 1680 and was interred at Ross Cathedral,County Cork. His Island of lnchedony is an island no longer,and descendants visiting his estate will look in vain for the 900acres completely surrounded by sea.

During the last century the good people of Clonakilty decidedto push a causeway out to the island, and with deposits of spoiland waste, they made a narrow track to Inchedony. Thenhaving made one, they made another a little further south, andfilled the land between to a safe height above sea level. Fillingthe space between the two causeways took time, but now, 150years later there is little evidence to show that the Island oflnchedony was once completely cut off from the mainland,

H/ll-'5 ]ournal Vol.2 No.3 page 31
HAFS jourmzl Vol.2 No.3 page 32

Itis still very beautiful, still very peaceful and still very remote.And although the first house built there by a Iiungerford is nowin ruins, the huge stone wall that once surrounded it stillremains. Also still standing is the family chapel high on thehill. It too is in ruins, but if intrepid descendants aredetermined to see all they can of the early history of theirancestors, this beautiful and desolate part of Ireland will stir thevery depths of their souls.

The only Hungerford house still standing on the island is onebuilt much later than the original of 1647. It has long sincepassed from the family, and is now used as a rest home for thenuns of Cork. The good ladies visit it in the summer months,for a vacation. Farms still dot the island; white-washed,red-roofed farms, sitting in bright green fields which never fade.The sea still sweeps around two thirds of the island, and thestrand in front of the foreshore is still blown clean by Atlanticgales. Ireland is a land that never changes to the eye. Only theinhabitants change, according to the times.

Wfien One 35 One Makes Oneby Ronald H. Preiztice

Driving up the steep winding road from Agnes Banks towards Spring-wood recently, as entrants in a one and two cylinder veteran car rally,we pulled off at the lookout. I mentioned my interest in family historyand upon hearing the name Hungerford one of the competitors saidhe knew of a gentleman by that name who obtained two motor bikecylinders and from that beginning designed and built an engine thenproceeded to build the car itself. He could not tell me more. The hookwas baited and all I had to go on was the name Jones.

A friend of our President Canon Newth and his wife, Beverley Reillyof Cosford, invited us to her home to see some material she heldconcerning the family and we were included in the invitation. Thiskind lady had some previously unseen papers concerning her forebearthe Reverend Septimus Hungerford and the generations in between.Moreover she very kindly loaned us her papers in order that we mightcopy what we wished. In checking her line of descent, the name Jonescame forward and the inevitable question was asked and answeredand the story unfolded.

Our new found friend and cousin loaned us a journal datedSeptember 1922 and in it was printed an article on her father and hiscar. She remembers clearly the building of the engine and the carwhich took place firstly in the home. Many technical engineeringdrawings hung widespread throughout the house and constant tinker—ing took place until the workshop was moved to a shed where the jobwas eventually completed. She recalls the car well and has some finesnapshots to show.

Her father, Garnet Marcus Macarthur Hungerford was born 31October 1882, the second son of Marcus Orpen and Emily (Nicholson)Hungerford, Marcus being the first child of Septimus lrlungerford.Garnet joined the Metropolitan Water Sewerage and Drainage Boardin Sydney on his 22nd birthday and advanced eventually to becomethe chief assistant electrical engineer. I)uring his career with theBoard he became responsible for some important improvements in themethod of recording automatically the water levels of the reservoirs.lie was placed in charge of electrical pumping systems along theharbour and river foreshores.

Garnet died at the young age of 46, in 1929, leaving behind a widowand young family. Beverley Reilly has kindly provided somememories of her father, being only ten when he died. A transcript ofthe article about his car also follows.

H/\F.‘~' Imlrrml Vol.2 No.3 yrzlge’ M
Garnet Marcus Hmzgerford (1882-7929)by Beverley (Hungerford) Reilly

My recollections of the ten years I lived with my father beforehe died. I have memories of visiting reservoirs and delving intodepths with him inspecting electrical lay outs for the WaterBoard. He was assistant Chief Electrical Engineer at this time.

I have memories of seeing our back verandah looking like awork shop with Dad working on the car until Mother put herfoot down and demanded he build a garage. This he did in hisinimitable way it soon became his time absorbing hobby. liislathe he built himself. I have vivid recollections of wooden"The motor car built entirely by Mr G.M. tiungcrford of Cr0_1/don" patterns hanging around the walls, an old motor bike hanging‘ from the ceiling. I am not sure if it was the one he and Motherused for their honeymoon with a sidecar attached.

 



The walls also had patterns of future plans. These plans weredrawn with his engineering skill. He was also quite an artist inhis spare time. I wish I had been older to really understand thebrilliant brain work and skill that went into this hobby of his.His greatest joy was to bundle us all into the car and tootle offfor a day out. A trip to Figtree Bridge was a favourite in thosedavs.

Dad was a very sick man for the last seven years of his life. Ican remember Mother shaving him and helping him to dressready for the Board car to pick him up and take him to work.This all became too much for him, he gave up trying to live forhis family, and died at 46 years.

The Hungerford car could not be registered as Australian madebecause it had a Bosch magneto. It was eventually sold to somelocal boys who wanted to use the motor. The price was sevenpounds. As young children we didn't realize the value andinterest of keeping the car itself.

 



H Lmgerford family picnic

I...-R: ?, Phyllis Hungerford, Gladys Hungerford, Florence Kilpatrick,Tom Kilpatrick, Madge Kilpatrick, Beverley Hungerford

(Courtesy of Beverley Reilly)

HAPS Ioumui V012 NO'3 Page 34 I!/IFS /aurmzl Vol.2 No.3 ;r1Jx(* 35
"H0me—ML1de" Carreprinted from Sen, Land and Air, September 1922 pp.451-2.

[low many people are aware of the excellent results which canbe achieved when an enterprising man, possessing thenecessary mechanical skill, sets out to build a motor car forhimself in his spare time on the back verandah of his ownhome? Most people imagine that it requires an elaborately fittedworkshop and heaps of time, coupled with extraordiharymechanical knowledge to do it, but to a great extent this idea iserroneous. The motor car illustrated herewith is the work ofMr. G. M. Hungerford, of Murray Street, Croydon, and as apersonal inspection of the machine will show it is beautifullyfinished, serviceable, and complete in every detail. The frame isof ash reinforced with steel, and the design of the car, inaddition to the patterns for all the different parts, are theoutcome of Mr. Ilungerford's own skill and resource. Likewisethe lathe, which played such an important part in theconstruction of the car, is home—made, and, last, but by nomeans least, the 10-h.p. 8-cylinder air-cooled engine was builtentirely by the pardonably—proud owner, Mr. Hungerford. Theback verandah of his own home constituted the workshop, andhere, in spare time, was initiated and carried fonvard, step bystep, the work which, in its completed form, is a motor car,wherein Mr. Hungerford and his wife and children are able toenjoy many pleasant outings. Mr. Hungerford estimates thatthe total cost of the raw materials did not exceed 1.50. The totalweight of the car is only slightly over six hundredweight, andthe engine, which has four speeds and is so flexible that it willpull strongly on top gear at little more than a walking pace,weights [sic] only about sixty pounds. As a sample of itspulling power, it might be mentioned that Mr. Hungerford cannegotiate Taverner's Hill quite easily on top gear with twopersons in the car. The wheels are wire, 26 x 3, and the car isfitted with two brakes and a self—starter. The petrol tank willhold five gallons of spirit, and Mr. Hungerford estimates thatthe approximate mileage which he obtains is thirty—five to thegallon. A speed of from 35 to 40 miles per hour is easilyattained, and during the many hundreds of miles which he hasalready covered the owner has experienced an entire absence ofmechanical trouble.

As might be expected, the car is an object of interest to all whoknow the history, and it unquestionably stands as a tribute toMr. llungerford's skill and initiative, and a talkingadvertisement for the future progress of motoring.

HAPS jourrial Vol.2 No.3 page 36